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Saint Paul's epistles are the most ancient Christian writings passed down to us, offering a first-hand testimony about the first communities. Saint Paul achieves the first intellectual synthesis of Christianity and can be justifiably called the ‘first theologian' in history. The first man to express the new faith, he has left his enduring mark on the vocabulary of Christianity, the comprehension of salvation, of Christ, of the Church. Whether we prolong or add nuance, take our distance or move closer, all Christian ideas come from Paul. This book presents Paul and the first Christian communities to whom the Epistles were addressed. The second part of the book, by far the most important, contains 15 texts studied from three different angles: guided reading, commentaries of the text and personal research. Each text studied is reproduced in the BJ translation.