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Pierre de Bérulle (1575-1629) is one of the central figures of the 17th century Catholic Reform. Minister and diplomat, he was also a spiritual authority, founder of the French Congregation of the Oratory and responsible for introducing the reformed Carmelite Order to France. His reflection on mankind lies at the heart of his research. Man attains freedom and fulfils his existence when he accepts to become God's servant through Jesus Christ. His use of the word ‘slavery' conveys the radical nature of this commitment. The vows of servitude to Jesus and Mary that Bérulle proposed to his followers from 1614 onward, integrate and synthesize the French school of spirituality's founding theocentric and Christocentric intuitions. This study presents the major axes of Bérulle's spirituality, analyses the genesis of his devotional expression and explains the controversies and polemic incited by his pronouncements. It also casts light on Bérulle's anthropological concepts. Between the ambitions of humanism and the demands of the mystics of annihilation, Bérulle's servitude shows the way toward a Christological humanism.