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Medical ethics, with the Hippocratic oath, go back more than 2500 years, but the concept of bioethics appeared only at the end of the 20th century. This recent emergence constitutes a revolution. While ethics are traditionally linked to the individual and collective domains, the century which has just ended has witnessed the transposition of ethics into the domain of life itself: bioethics are ethics concerned with the protection of life, not only that of man but also of animals and plants. There is no shortage of heated debates on the subject of bioethics when the questions concern the purpose of nature, life and anthropology. This volume attests that specialists can agree to establish respect as the essential element of the contemporary bioethical discourse. The team from the Danish Centre for Ethics and Law in Copenhagen have attempted, in a basic manner, to identify four principles for the protection of living things: respect for their autonomy, dignity, integrity and vulnerability.