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The same men live in both Church and State. They are, simultaneously, the subjects of these two ‘Powers'. Is conflict inevitable? Does the State have rights over the Church and the Church over the State? Is it conceivable that the authorities, who condemned to death the Righteous One par excellence, would not also persecute and kill His disciples? When we read these very varied, lively and sometimes deeply moving documents which recount the successive conflicts between the temporal and the spiritual — in the West and the East — over almost an entire millennium, we are left with the impression that they were written for all the Christians of today.